The Efficacy of High-Intensity Laser Therapy in Children with Haemophilia

The Efficacy of High-Intensity Laser Therapy in Children with Haemophilia

Children diagnosed with haemophilia frequently encounter considerable obstacles as a result of recurring joint bleeding, which ultimately leads to the development of haemophilic arthropathy. This particular condition not only hampers their physical abilities but also has a profound impact on their psychological and socioeconomic well-being. In the ongoing pursuit of effective treatment methods, High-Intensity Laser Therapy (HILT) emerges as a promising non-invasive alternative.

Exploring the Impact of HILT on Pain and Function

A recent investigation was conducted to assess the impact of pulsed high-intensity laser therapy (HILT) on pain, functional capacity, and gait in children diagnosed with haemophilia type A. Thirty children between the ages of 9 and 13 were chosen and divided randomly into two groups of equal size. The laser group underwent a combination of traditional physical therapy and active laser treatments, whereas the placebo group underwent traditional physical therapy along with placebo laser sessions.

Methodology and Assessment

The study utilized a robust assessment protocol:

• Pain: Measured using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS).

• Functional Capacity: Evaluated through the 6-minute walk test (6MWT).

• Gait Parameters: Assessed using the GAITRite® system.

During the course of the study, the participants received treatment for a continuous period of three months. The laser group, on the other hand, was subjected to a total energy of 1500 J, which was administered in three phases. These phases were further divided into three sessions per week.

Significant Findings

The results of the study were noteworthy:

• Pain Reduction: The children who received laser treatment experienced a notable decrease in pain levels in contrast to the children who were given a placebo.

• Improved Functional Capacity: Post-treatment evaluations demonstrated a noteworthy enhancement in the functional ability of the laser group, as evidenced by an average 6MWT distance of 316.6 ± 35.27 meters, in contrast to the placebo group's distance of 288 ± 43.3 meters.

• Enhanced Gait Performance: The laser group exhibited noteworthy enhancement in gait parameters, signifying a superior level of efficiency in overall movement.

These results highlight the capacity of HILT to greatly improve the quality of life for children suffering from haemophilic arthropathy. By alleviating pain and enhancing functional mobility, HILT demonstrates its potential to have a significant positive impact on these children's lives.

Implications for Rehabilitation

Haemophilic arthropathy, resulting from recurrent joint bleeding, poses numerous challenges:

• Physical: Leads to joint damage and impaired mobility.

• Psychological: Affects mental health due to chronic pain and disability.

• Socioeconomic: Increases healthcare costs and impacts the ability to participate in daily activities.

Early intervention using high-intensity laser therapy has the potential to significantly alleviate these problems. By swiftly alleviating pain and enhancing functional results, HILT proves to be a valuable complement to conventional physical therapy programs.

Recommendations for Practitioners

For healthcare professionals working with paediatric haemophilia patients, integrating HILT into the rehabilitation protocol can offer significant benefits. It is recommended to:

• Incorporate HILT: As part of a comprehensive treatment plan to enhance pain management and functional recovery.

• Monitor Progress: Use tools like the VAS, 6MWT, and GAITRite® system to evaluate improvements and adjust treatment plans accordingly.

• Educate Families: Inform patients and their families about the benefits of HILT and the importance of adherence to the therapy regimen.

Conclusion

High-Intensity Laser Therapy (HILT) is a potent technique for treating haemophilic arthropathy in children. Through its ability to effectively alleviate pain and improve functional capacity, HILT not only enhances the immediate quality of life for young patients but also plays a crucial role in their long-term health outcomes. As ongoing research consistently demonstrates its effectiveness, HILT is expected to become an essential component in the rehabilitation process for children suffering from haemophilia.